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EE - 70

5 days

Doha

24 July, 2023

11900 QAR

Electrical Faults, Causes, Analysis, Detection & Remedies

Course Overview:

The course is concerned with the calculation of fault currents in practical electrical power systems. Short-circuit currents are associated with large amounts of very destructive energy and therefore calculations must be made to ensure that the short-circuit ratings of equipment are adequate to cater for these high currents. In addition, an accurate assessment of these currents is also essential for determining the settings of the system protection devices.

Electrical systems are subjected to several external & internal influences like weather conditions, lightning phenomenon, pollution, insulation failure, temperature rise, etc., these influences cause abnormal operational condition, which could lead to voltage and frequency variations and feeder trips, brown out or black out of electrical system, and sometimes, may lead to equipment damage or system Failure.

Course Objective:

Participants attending the programme will digest the following:

Understanding the Grounding System of Transmission and Distribution
Networks and how it affects the electrical quantities, short circuit level and protection system
Understanding the causes of Voltage Deviations and its effect on auxiliaries of industrial loads and the stability of Electrical Power Systems
Knowing the reasons of the shortage of active and reactive power in electrical networks and its effect on the electrical quantities
Understanding the effect of environmental conditions on the electrical equipment
Understanding the abnormal phenomena, which affect the electrical networks.

Who Should Attend?

Electricians
Design electrical engineers
Electrical supervisors
Plant electricians
Operations & maintenance engineers, supervisors & technicians
Maintenance technicians

Course Content:

Module (01) Introduction to Fault Analysis

Source of Fault Current
Fault Statistics
Basic Assumptions
Short-circuit rating of equipment
Selecting the correct switchgear rating for fault duties
Overview of Per-Unit System
One-Line Diagrams

Module (02) Three Phase Short Circuit Currents

Manual calculation of three-phase short-circuit current
Circuit reduction techniques
Industrial systems
Electricity supply systems
Tutorial – based on attendees plant
Cables subjected to short-circuit currents
Compliance with regulations

Module (03) Unsymmetrical Fault Conditions

Overview of symmetrical components
Consideration of various fault types
Sequence networks
Consideration of phase shift in two-winding transformers
Consideration of earth impedance
Consideration of three-winding transformers

Module (04) Representation of Unsymmetrical Faults in Power Systems

Fault diagrams
Interconnected sequence networks
Special considerations with reference to limitation of earth fault current
Demonstration examples based on industrial power systems

Module (05) Power Distribution Systems Isolation and Restoration Methods

Topology
Faults
Sensors and actuators
Size
Supply restoration
Position of the problem in the literature
Planning and related areas
Successive Reclosing Method
Tele control method
Testing device
Testing and results

Module (06) Short Circuit Calculations & Circuit Interruption

Three Phase Faults
Line to Line Faults
Line to ground Faults
Equivalents System Impedance
Current Limiting Inductors
Short Circuit Level
Effect of Induction Machines on Short Circuit Level
CB Rupture Capacity
Example of Short Circuit Calculations

Module (07) Types of Earthing and Faults Current Level

Introduction
Selection of Grounding Method / System
Understanding Ground Resistance
Ground Resistance Value & Measurements
Effect of type of earthing on fault Current Level

Module (08) Transmission Lines and Feeders Faults Analysis and Protective Relays

Transmission Lines Faults
Line to Ground Faults
Phase Faults
Transmission Line Protection
Directional – Non Directional – Over Current & Earth Fault Relays / Differential Relays
Male and False Operation Considerations

Module (09) Power Transformers Faults Analysis and Protective Relays

Types of Faults
Through Faults
Internal Faults
Phase Faults
Earth Faults
Tank faults
Gas Actuated Relays
Buchholz Relays
Electrical Relays, Differential, Restricted Earth
Transformer with Ground Neutral

Course Summary & Conclusion

Electrical Faults, Causes, Analysis, Detection & Remedies

TRAINING PLAN FORM